Understanding CART-T Cell Therapy
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy represents a revolutionary advancement in cancer treatment. This immunotherapy harnesses the patient’s own immune cells, modifies them to target cancer cells, and reintroduces them into the body to combat the malignancy. CAR-T cell therapy has shown remarkable success in treating certain types of blood cancers, including leukemia and lymphoma.
How CAR-T Cell Therapy Works
- 1. Collection: T-cells are collected from the patient's blood.
- 2. Modification: These T-cells are genetically modified in a laboratory to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on their surface.
- 3. Multiplication: The modified T-cells are expanded to create a large number of CAR-T cells.
- 4. Infusion: The CAR-T cells are infused back into the patient’s bloodstream.
- 5. Action: The CARs help the T-cells recognize and attack cancer cells that express the specific antigen targeted by the CAR.
CAR-T Cell Therapy in India
India is progressively adopting advanced medical treatments, including CAR-T cell therapy. The availability and implementation of CAR-T therapy in India have been growing, with several leading medical institutions and research centers spearheading this effort.
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1. Institutions Offering CAR-T Therapy:
- â—‹ Tata Memorial Hospital (Mumbai): A leading cancer treatment center in India, Tata Memorial Hospital has initiated CAR-T cell therapy programs.
- â—‹ AIIMS (All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi): AIIMS has been involved in CAR-T cell research and treatment, contributing to the development and accessibility of this therapy in India.
- â—‹ Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre (Delhi): This institute is another major player in providing CAR-T therapy.
- 2. Research and Development: â—‹ Indian researchers and scientists are actively involved in clinical trials to test the efficacy and safety of CAR-T cell therapy. Collaborations with international institutions help accelerate these efforts.
Cost of CAR-T Cell Therapy in India
CAR-T cell therapy is an expensive treatment due to its complexity and the resources required for its execution. The cost factors include:
- 1. Treatment Development: Genetic modification and multiplication of T-cells are resource-intensive processes.
- 2. Hospitalization: The patient needs close monitoring before, during, and after the infusion of CAR-T cells, often requiring specialized care facilities.
- 3. Side Effect Management: Managing potential severe side effects like cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurological toxicities adds to the cost.
Approximate Cost:
The cost of CAR-T cell therapy in India can range from INR 30 lakhs to INR 50 lakhs (approximately USD 40,000 to USD 70,000), depending on the institution, the complexity of the case, and the duration of hospitalization required
CAR-T cell therapy offers a promising treatment option for certain types of leukemia and lymphoma in India. While the cost remains high, ongoing research, government support, and advancements in local production are expected to improve accessibility. Patients considering CAR-T cell therapy should consult with their healthcare providers to understand the benefits, risks, and financial implications of this cutting-edge treatment
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